Michigan Test for Teacher Certification (MTTC) Secondary Integrated Science Practice test

Which planets are classified as inner planets?

1. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus

2. Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars

3. Neptune, Pluto

4. Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn

The correct answer is: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars

The classification of inner planets consists of Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. These planets are located closer to the Sun and are often referred to as terrestrial planets because they have solid, rocky surfaces. This category is distinct from outer planets, which are primarily gas giants and include planets like Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. The reason Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are grouped together as inner planets is due to their position within the solar system, which affects their composition, atmosphere, and surface conditions. These planets tend to have higher densities and are composed primarily of rock and metal, unlike the outer planets, which are larger and lack solid surfaces. Understanding this classification helps in studying planetary formation, geological characteristics, and the potential for habitability.