Michigan Test for Teacher Certification (MTTC) Secondary Integrated Science Practice test

Which type of mountains is formed by plate movements that raise the ground upwards?

1. Volcanic mountains

2. Dome mountains

3. Fault-block mountains

4. Fold mountains

The correct answer is: Fault-block mountains

The formation of mountains through plate movements that elevate the ground is characteristic of fault-block mountains. These mountains are created when tectonic forces cause large blocks of the Earth’s crust to move and shift along faults. This movement typically results in some blocks being raised while others are lowered, creating a rugged terrain of steep cliffs and valleys. In contrast, the other types of mountains have different formation processes. Volcanic mountains arise from volcanic activity where magma from beneath the Earth’s crust pushes through to the surface, creating mountains around the vent. Dome mountains are formed when molten rock pushes up from beneath the crust but does not erupt, creating a dome shape instead of a mountainous terrain. Fold mountains are created primarily through the folding of the Earth's crust due to compressional forces, resulting in a series of peaks and valleys. Thus, fault-block mountains are clearly identified by their origin related to the movements of tectonic plates that elevate large sections of the crust upwards.